Which type of drag is caused by turbulence in the water?

Wave drag refers to the resistance encountered by an object moving through water that results from the generation of waves. This turbulence in the water occurs due to the displacement of fluid as an object moves, creating ripples and waves that exert a backward force on the object. In aquatic environments, wave drag is particularly significant for buoyant objects such as boats and swimmers, as it changes the flow patterns around them.

Understanding wave drag is important in water safety and instruction because it can influence the movement and performance of swimmers and watercraft. Reduced wave drag can enhance speed and efficiency, while increased wave drag can hinder movement, making it crucial for instructors to recognize how this phenomenon affects swimming techniques and watercraft navigation.