Which stroke requires the swimmer to be face down in the water?

The front crawl is the stroke that requires the swimmer to be face down in the water. This position allows for optimal breathing and arm movement, as the swimmer's face is in the water while they alternate their strokes. While executing the front crawl, swimmers turn their heads to the side to breathe, ensuring that they maintain streamlined motion and efficiency in their stroke.

In contrast, the backstroke positions the swimmer on their back, and the breaststroke involves a body position that is more horizontal but not entirely face down, with the head often above water. The butterfly stroke also does not require the swimmer to be face down but rather utilizes a simultaneous movement of the arms and legs while the swimmer's face alternates between being in and out of the water. Therefore, the unique requirement of being face down in the water distinctly characterizes the front crawl.