What action does sculling primarily involve?

Sculling primarily involves the motion of the arms to create force in the water. This technique is fundamental for various swimming strokes and is used to maintain or change position in the water. When a swimmer sculls, they perform a specific movement pattern with their hands and arms, which allows them to generate propulsion and control their body’s movement. This technique helps in positioning and stabilizing the swimmer, particularly in a vertical or horizontal position.

The other options do not accurately describe the sculling action. Creating vertical force only does not encompass the full range of motion and control that sculling provides. A pushing motion with feet refers to a different swimming action, such as the kick used in strokes, while breathing techniques while floating are important for overall swimming skills but are unrelated to the action of sculling itself.